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  • Aavinnash Pparkhe
    2026-08-14 02:05:42 -
    St. Maximilian Mary Kolbe

    St. Maximilian Mary Kolbe was born on January 8, 1894 in Poland, to father Julius Kolbe and mother Maria Dabrowska. He joined the Franciscans in 1907 and ordained as a priest in 1918. He founded a movement devoted to Our Lady and spread this movement through a magazine named "The Knight of the Immaculate". He was arrested by Nazis on February 17, 1941 and sent to the concentration camp at Auschwitz. He was singing hymns to the Virgin Mary in the concentration camp without any fear. He was tortured in the Nazi concentration camp without giving any food, water and other facilities for more than two weeks. When another person was due to be killed on a particular day, that man started crying" my wife, my children". Then Maximilian volunteered to take the place of that man to die, to save that poor man. He was killed by giving carbolic acid injection. He died on August 14, 1941.

    A cure from intestinal tuberculosis to one Angela Testoni in July, 1948 and also a cure from calcification on the arteries/sclerosis were attributed to the intervention of St. Maximilian.

    He was beatified in 1971 by Pope Paul-VI and canonized by Pope John Paul-II on October 10, 1982. He was declared as a martyr and is venerated as a patron saint of drug addicts and political prisoners.
    #catholic #saint #St. #drug #addiction #politicalprison #political #prision #drugfree #addictionfree #savepoor #injection #virginmary #Mary #intervention #interventionfordisease
    #disease #illness #cure #politicalharrasament #prisioerofconscience #dissident #undertrialprisoners #prisionalwithoutanycharge
    St. Maximilian Mary Kolbe St. Maximilian Mary Kolbe was born on January 8, 1894 in Poland, to father Julius Kolbe and mother Maria Dabrowska. He joined the Franciscans in 1907 and ordained as a priest in 1918. He founded a movement devoted to Our Lady and spread this movement through a magazine named "The Knight of the Immaculate". He was arrested by Nazis on February 17, 1941 and sent to the concentration camp at Auschwitz. He was singing hymns to the Virgin Mary in the concentration camp without any fear. He was tortured in the Nazi concentration camp without giving any food, water and other facilities for more than two weeks. When another person was due to be killed on a particular day, that man started crying" my wife, my children". Then Maximilian volunteered to take the place of that man to die, to save that poor man. He was killed by giving carbolic acid injection. He died on August 14, 1941. A cure from intestinal tuberculosis to one Angela Testoni in July, 1948 and also a cure from calcification on the arteries/sclerosis were attributed to the intervention of St. Maximilian. He was beatified in 1971 by Pope Paul-VI and canonized by Pope John Paul-II on October 10, 1982. He was declared as a martyr and is venerated as a patron saint of drug addicts and political prisoners. #catholic #saint #St. #drug #addiction #politicalprison #political #prision #drugfree #addictionfree #savepoor #injection #virginmary #Mary #intervention #interventionfordisease #disease #illness #cure #politicalharrasament #prisioerofconscience #dissident #undertrialprisoners #prisionalwithoutanycharge
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  • Kevin Ikutwa added 4 photos
    2026-08-13 08:43:40 -
    FGCK North West Regional Conference - Kakuma Town

    Theme: To know God and make him know to all…. John 17:3 [NLT].

    Guest Speaker: Bishop Julius Wijenje Induli - Deputy General Oversea (DGO) FGCK
    FGCK North West Regional Conference - Kakuma Town Theme: To know God and make him know to all…. John 17:3 [NLT]. Guest Speaker: Bishop Julius Wijenje Induli - Deputy General Oversea (DGO) FGCK
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  • Aavinnash Pparkhe
    2026-08-07 02:27:14 -
    St. Cajetan

    St. Cajetan was born on October 1, 1480 and his baptismal name was Gaetano dei Contidi Tiene. He studied law in Padua and got a degree on civil and cannon law at age 24 years. He was working as a diplomat in the Venetian Republic for Pope Julius-II. He was ordained as a priest during the year 1516. He founded a congregation named “The Oratory of Divine Love”. The Bishop of Chieti diocese, Giovanni Pietro Carafa was the first superior of this Oratory, who later became Pope Pius-IV. The members of the Oratory are also called as “theatines” in the name of the city of Chieti, which is called as “Theate” in Latin. In the year 1533 he founded a house in Naples to fight against Lutheranism and to check its spreading. When he fell ill, he slept on a wooden board. When the doctors told him to take rest on a comfortable bed, he refused and said that his savior died on a cross and at least let him die on wood. He died on August 7, 1547.

    He was beatified by Pope Urban-VIII on October 8, 1629 and also canonized on April 12, 1671. He is the patron saint of workers, job seekers and un-employed people.
    #followchrist #workers #jobseeker #un-employed #employment #unemployment #workers #job #service #faith #followjesus #dieforchrist #leave #world
    St. Cajetan St. Cajetan was born on October 1, 1480 and his baptismal name was Gaetano dei Contidi Tiene. He studied law in Padua and got a degree on civil and cannon law at age 24 years. He was working as a diplomat in the Venetian Republic for Pope Julius-II. He was ordained as a priest during the year 1516. He founded a congregation named “The Oratory of Divine Love”. The Bishop of Chieti diocese, Giovanni Pietro Carafa was the first superior of this Oratory, who later became Pope Pius-IV. The members of the Oratory are also called as “theatines” in the name of the city of Chieti, which is called as “Theate” in Latin. In the year 1533 he founded a house in Naples to fight against Lutheranism and to check its spreading. When he fell ill, he slept on a wooden board. When the doctors told him to take rest on a comfortable bed, he refused and said that his savior died on a cross and at least let him die on wood. He died on August 7, 1547. He was beatified by Pope Urban-VIII on October 8, 1629 and also canonized on April 12, 1671. He is the patron saint of workers, job seekers and un-employed people. #followchrist #workers #jobseeker #un-employed #employment #unemployment #workers #job #service #faith #followjesus #dieforchrist #leave #world
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  • Aavinnash Pparkhe
    2026-08-07 02:27:04 -
    St. Cajetan

    St. Cajetan was born on October 1, 1480 and his baptismal name was Gaetano dei Contidi Tiene. He studied law in Padua and got a degree on civil and cannon law at age 24 years. He was working as a diplomat in the Venetian Republic for Pope Julius-II. He was ordained as a priest during the year 1516. He founded a congregation named “The Oratory of Divine Love”. The Bishop of Chieti diocese, Giovanni Pietro Carafa was the first superior of this Oratory, who later became Pope Pius-IV. The members of the Oratory are also called as “theatines” in the name of the city of Chieti, which is called as “Theate” in Latin. In the year 1533 he founded a house in Naples to fight against Lutheranism and to check its spreading. When he fell ill, he slept on a wooden board. When the doctors told him to take rest on a comfortable bed, he refused and said that his savior died on a cross and at least let him die on wood. He died on August 7, 1547.

    He was beatified by Pope Urban-VIII on October 8, 1629 and also canonized on April 12, 1671. He is the patron saint of workers, job seekers and un-employed people.
    #followchrist #workers #jobseeker #un-employed #employment #unemployment #workers #job #service #faith #followjesus #dieforchrist #leave #world
    St. Cajetan St. Cajetan was born on October 1, 1480 and his baptismal name was Gaetano dei Contidi Tiene. He studied law in Padua and got a degree on civil and cannon law at age 24 years. He was working as a diplomat in the Venetian Republic for Pope Julius-II. He was ordained as a priest during the year 1516. He founded a congregation named “The Oratory of Divine Love”. The Bishop of Chieti diocese, Giovanni Pietro Carafa was the first superior of this Oratory, who later became Pope Pius-IV. The members of the Oratory are also called as “theatines” in the name of the city of Chieti, which is called as “Theate” in Latin. In the year 1533 he founded a house in Naples to fight against Lutheranism and to check its spreading. When he fell ill, he slept on a wooden board. When the doctors told him to take rest on a comfortable bed, he refused and said that his savior died on a cross and at least let him die on wood. He died on August 7, 1547. He was beatified by Pope Urban-VIII on October 8, 1629 and also canonized on April 12, 1671. He is the patron saint of workers, job seekers and un-employed people. #followchrist #workers #jobseeker #un-employed #employment #unemployment #workers #job #service #faith #followjesus #dieforchrist #leave #world
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  • Johnny Gass
    2026-08-02 18:29:28 -
    God's Creation, 100 / evolution, 0
    WAS THE BIBLE COPIED CORRECTLY?

    One of the most common objections to Christianity is that the Bible has been copied so many times that we can no longer know what it originally said.

    At first, that sounds reasonable.

    After all, if a document has been copied by hand for centuries, wouldn't mistakes accumulate until the original message was lost?

    The problem is that this objection ignores the evidence.

    The New Testament is the most well-attested document from the ancient world. Today, scholars have access to more than 5,800 Greek New Testament manuscripts, over 10,000 Latin manuscripts, and thousands more in other ancient languages. In total, there are over 24,000 manuscript copies and portions of the New Testament available for comparison.

    To appreciate how remarkable that is, consider other famous ancient works. The writings of Julius Caesar survive in about 10 manuscripts. The historian Tacitus is preserved in just a handful of copies. Yet few people question whether we know what those authors originally wrote.

    Not only do we have an enormous number of manuscripts, but many of them are very early. Portions of the New Testament can be dated within decades of the original writings. Complete manuscripts appear far closer to the originals than those available for most ancient literature.

    Because we possess so many copies from different regions and centuries, copyist mistakes are often easy to identify. If a scribe accidentally omitted a word, misspelled a name, or skipped a line, scholars can compare thousands of manuscripts and detect the error.

    Think of it this way. If there were only one surviving manuscript, mistakes would be difficult to identify. But when thousands of manuscripts agree with one another, they function as checks and balances.

    Critics often point to the existence of textual variants. However, the overwhelming majority are minor differences involving spelling, word order, or grammar. In Greek, changing the order of words often does not change the meaning of the sentence. Most variants are so insignificant that Bible translators simply note them in the footnotes.

    Even skeptical textual scholars acknowledge that no major Christian doctrine depends on a disputed passage.

    Then there are the Dead Sea Scrolls.

    Discovered beginning in 1947 near the Dead Sea, these manuscripts included portions of every Old Testament book except Esther. Some of them were over 1,000 years older than the oldest Hebrew manuscripts previously available.

    Critics expected significant corruption of the text over time.

    Instead, they found remarkable consistency. The book of Isaiah, for example, was found to be substantially the same despite being copied over many centuries. The differences that existed were overwhelmingly minor and did not affect the message of the text.

    The Bible was not preserved because people copied it perfectly.

    It was preserved because so many copies were made that mistakes became detectable.

    In fact, the manuscript evidence for the Bible is so extensive that scholars can compare copies from different countries, centuries, and language families to reconstruct the original text with a very high degree of confidence.

    Every ancient document was copied.

    The question is whether it was copied reliably.

    When judged by the same standards historians use for every other ancient work, the Bible stands in a category of its own.
    God's Creation, 100 / evolution, 0 WAS THE BIBLE COPIED CORRECTLY? One of the most common objections to Christianity is that the Bible has been copied so many times that we can no longer know what it originally said. At first, that sounds reasonable. After all, if a document has been copied by hand for centuries, wouldn't mistakes accumulate until the original message was lost? The problem is that this objection ignores the evidence. The New Testament is the most well-attested document from the ancient world. Today, scholars have access to more than 5,800 Greek New Testament manuscripts, over 10,000 Latin manuscripts, and thousands more in other ancient languages. In total, there are over 24,000 manuscript copies and portions of the New Testament available for comparison. To appreciate how remarkable that is, consider other famous ancient works. The writings of Julius Caesar survive in about 10 manuscripts. The historian Tacitus is preserved in just a handful of copies. Yet few people question whether we know what those authors originally wrote. Not only do we have an enormous number of manuscripts, but many of them are very early. Portions of the New Testament can be dated within decades of the original writings. Complete manuscripts appear far closer to the originals than those available for most ancient literature. Because we possess so many copies from different regions and centuries, copyist mistakes are often easy to identify. If a scribe accidentally omitted a word, misspelled a name, or skipped a line, scholars can compare thousands of manuscripts and detect the error. Think of it this way. If there were only one surviving manuscript, mistakes would be difficult to identify. But when thousands of manuscripts agree with one another, they function as checks and balances. Critics often point to the existence of textual variants. However, the overwhelming majority are minor differences involving spelling, word order, or grammar. In Greek, changing the order of words often does not change the meaning of the sentence. Most variants are so insignificant that Bible translators simply note them in the footnotes. Even skeptical textual scholars acknowledge that no major Christian doctrine depends on a disputed passage. Then there are the Dead Sea Scrolls. Discovered beginning in 1947 near the Dead Sea, these manuscripts included portions of every Old Testament book except Esther. Some of them were over 1,000 years older than the oldest Hebrew manuscripts previously available. Critics expected significant corruption of the text over time. Instead, they found remarkable consistency. The book of Isaiah, for example, was found to be substantially the same despite being copied over many centuries. The differences that existed were overwhelmingly minor and did not affect the message of the text. The Bible was not preserved because people copied it perfectly. It was preserved because so many copies were made that mistakes became detectable. In fact, the manuscript evidence for the Bible is so extensive that scholars can compare copies from different countries, centuries, and language families to reconstruct the original text with a very high degree of confidence. Every ancient document was copied. The question is whether it was copied reliably. When judged by the same standards historians use for every other ancient work, the Bible stands in a category of its own.
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  • Valery Gaspard Manga Onana added 2 photos
    2026-07-01 06:51:18 -
    CÉLÉBRATION .

    TRENTE ANS N ' EST PAS TRENTE JOURS : ET ÇA SE CÉLÈBRE . TRENTE ANS DE PRÉDICATION DU PUR ÉVANGILE : LA VIE ÉTERNELLE PAR LE SANG DE YEHOSHOUAH HA'MASHIAH ( JÉSUS-CHRIST , IMMANOU-EL OU EMMANUEL ) L ' AGNEAU DIVIN .

    TRENTE ANS D ' ENSEIGNEMENT DE LA PAROLE DE YAHWEH ( DIEU ) : ÇA SE FÊTE . CE MATIN J ' AI MA BIBLE ( VERSION LOUIS SEGON ) .

    EN ATTENDANT QUE LES ACTEURS DE LA POLITIQUE NOIRE AFRICAINE M ' OFFRENT UNE COPIE DU MANUSCRIT DE LA BIBLE ILLUSTRÉE DE MON ANCÊTRE NOIR . SES EXCELLENCES MONSIEURS LES PRÉSIDENTS GEORGES WEAH ET JACOB ZUMA DOIVENT S ' INVITER EUX-MÊMES DANS LA MULTIPLICATION DU MANUSCRIT BIBLIQUE DE MON ANCÊTRE NOIR ; EN TANT QUE SPORTIF ET HOMONYME DU PATRIARCHE " YAAKOV OU JACOB " . CETTE VERSION DE LA BIBLE DE MON ANCÊTRE NOIR ME PERMETTRA DE PARLER DU VRAI DIEU ( YAHWEH ) À ANDREW AYEW ET JULIUS MALEMA .

    N B : LES BÉBÉS LIONS C'EST LE SPORT .🏽
    CÉLÉBRATION . TRENTE ANS N ' EST PAS TRENTE JOURS : ET ÇA SE CÉLÈBRE . TRENTE ANS DE PRÉDICATION DU PUR ÉVANGILE : LA VIE ÉTERNELLE PAR LE SANG DE YEHOSHOUAH HA'MASHIAH ( JÉSUS-CHRIST , IMMANOU-EL OU EMMANUEL ) L ' AGNEAU DIVIN . TRENTE ANS D ' ENSEIGNEMENT DE LA PAROLE DE YAHWEH ( DIEU ) : ÇA SE FÊTE . CE MATIN J ' AI MA BIBLE ( VERSION LOUIS SEGON ) . EN ATTENDANT QUE LES ACTEURS DE LA POLITIQUE NOIRE AFRICAINE M ' OFFRENT UNE COPIE DU MANUSCRIT DE LA BIBLE ILLUSTRÉE DE MON ANCÊTRE NOIR . SES EXCELLENCES MONSIEURS LES PRÉSIDENTS GEORGES WEAH ET JACOB ZUMA DOIVENT S ' INVITER EUX-MÊMES DANS LA MULTIPLICATION DU MANUSCRIT BIBLIQUE DE MON ANCÊTRE NOIR ; EN TANT QUE SPORTIF ET HOMONYME DU PATRIARCHE " YAAKOV OU JACOB " . CETTE VERSION DE LA BIBLE DE MON ANCÊTRE NOIR ME PERMETTRA DE PARLER DU VRAI DIEU ( YAHWEH ) À ANDREW AYEW ET JULIUS MALEMA . N B : LES BÉBÉS LIONS 🦁 C'EST LE SPORT .🔥🌈⚽🏃🏽
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  • Johnny Gass
    2026-06-01 16:25:04 -
    The Sabbath Truth # 2
    Which Day of the Week Is The Sabbath?

    Despite doctrinal differences on various other topics, most Christians agree that a day of rest is an integral part of the Christian life. But on which day are we to rest?

    "By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested from all his work. And God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it he rested from all the work of creating that he had done" (Genesis 2:2, 3). The very word "sabbath" means rest, and to rest implies that you have labored. It's logical, then, for God to have designated the last day of the week a day of rest. "The seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God" (Exodus 20:10).

    Language reflects the customs of the culture that speaks it. Nearly every culture, from Babylon through modern times, rested on the seventh day. As languages developed, the name for the seventh day of the week remained "rest day." In the mid 19th century, Dr. William Meade Jones created this "Chart of the Week," listing the name for the seventh day in 160 languages, including some of the most ancient (shown below). Babylonian, in use hundreds of years before Abraham or the giving of the Ten Commandments at Sinai, calls the seventh day of the week sa-ba-tu, meaning "rest day."

    Even today more than 100 languages worldwide, many of them unrelated to ancient Hebrew, use the word "Sabbath" for Saturday—and none of them designate any other day as a day of rest. Though the world's language groups have evolved so as to be unintelligible from each other, the word for the seventh day of the week has remained fairly recognizable.

    The Sabbath predates Judaism

    For the thousands of years since Judaism began, an entire nation of Jews has kept track of the weekly cycle and observed the seventh day Sabbath, sometimes even without a calendar. Nevertheless, many rationalize that it's impossible to verify which day of the week is actually the biblical Sabbath because Pope Gregory XIII changed the calendar. The Julian calendar, instituted by Julius Caesar around 46 B.C., calculated the length of the year as 365 ¼ days. In reality, the year is 11 minutes less than 365 ¼ days. So by the 1580s, the calendar and the solar cycle were ten days off. In 1582, Gregory changed the calendar so that Friday, October 5, became Friday, October 15, creating the Gregorian calendar we use today. But it did not confuse the days of the week; Friday still follows Thursday, Saturday still follows Friday, and so on and so forth.

    Exodus 16 recounts a series of weekly Sabbath miracles over a period of forty years. God reiterated the Sabbath at Sinai (Exodus 20:8-11), and the Jews were still observing the seventh day when Jesus was born. Jesus kept the Sabbath (Luke 4:16; 23:54, 56; 24:1) until his death, which Luke indicates occurred on the day before the Sabbath: "Going to Pilate, [Joseph of Arimathea] asked for Jesus' body. Then he took it down, wrapped it in linen cloth and placed it in a tomb cut in the rock, one in which no one had yet been laid. It was Preparation Day, and the Sabbath was about to begin" (Luke 23:52-54). Luke goes on to describe the actions of the women who followed Jesus. "The women who had come with Jesus from Galilee followed Joseph and saw the tomb and how his body was laid in it.

    "Then they went home and prepared spices and perfumes. But they rested on the Sabbath in obedience to the commandment. On the first day of the week, very early in the morning, the women took the spices they had prepared and went to the tomb" (Luke 23:55, 56; 24:1). The women discovered that Jesus had risen on Sunday morning; Christians acknowledge this fact by celebrating Easter. The day on which the women rested between the preparation day (Friday) when Jesus died, and the first day of the week (Easter Sunday) when Jesus rose again, had to be Saturday. Scripture clearly portrays God designating the seventh day of the week as the Sabbath, and throughout the centuries of history recounted in the Bible, His followers celebrated it as such. Unless it was changed, the seventh day is still the Sabbath. So why do so many people today honor Sunday, the first day of the week, instead of the seventh day? (Why do so many people worship on Sunday?)

    Chart of the Week (Showing the position of the true Sabbath)

    Compiled by Dr. William Meade Jones, 1887

    LANGUAGE (Where Spoken, Read, or Otherwise Used)

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    Name of the SEVENTH DAY

    Shemitic Hebrew Bible world-wide

    Day One

    Day Second

    Day Third

    Day Fourth

    Day Fifth

    Day the Sixth

    Yom hash-shab-bath Day the Sabbath

    Hebrew (Ancient and Modern)

    One into the Sabbath

    Second into the Sabbath

    Third into the Sabbath

    Fourth into the Sabbath

    Fifth into the Sabbath

    Eve of Holy Sabbath

    Shab-bathSabbath

    Targum of Onkelos (Hebrew Literature)

    Day One

    Day Second

    Day Third

    Day Fourth

    Day Fifth

    Day the Sixth

    Yom hash-shab-bath Day the Sabbath

    Targum Dialect of the Jews in Kurdistan

    Day One of the Seven

    Day 2nd of the Seven

    Day 3rd of the Seven

    Day 4th of the Seven

    Day 5th of the Seven

    Day of Eve (of Sabbath)

    yoy-met sha-bat kodesh Holy Sabbath Day

    Ancient Syriac *Each day proceeds on, and belongs to the Sabbath

    One into Sabbath

    Two into Sabbath

    Three into Sabbath

    Four into Sabbath

    Five into Sabbath

    Eve (of Sabbath)

    Shab-ba-tho Sabbath

    Chaldee Syriac Kurdistan and Urdmia, Persia

    One into Sabbath

    Two into Sabbath

    Three into Sabbath

    Four into Sabbath

    Five into Sabbath

    Eve (of Sabbath)

    Shap-ta Sabbath

    Samaritan (Old Hebrew Letters) Nablus, Palestine

    Day One

    Day Second

    Day Third

    Day Fourth

    Day Fifth

    Day Sixth

    Shab-bath Sabbath

    Babylonian Euphrates Tigris Valleys Mesopotamia (Written lang. 3800 B.C.)

    First

    Second

    Third

    Fourth

    Fifth

    Sixth

    Sa-ba-tu Sabbath

    Assyrian Euphrates and Tigris Valleys, Mesopotamia

    First

    Second

    Third

    Fourth

    Fifth

    Sixth

    sa-ba-tu Sabbath

    Arabic (Very old names)

    Business Day

    Light Moon

    War Chief

    Turning Day or Midweek

    Familiar or Society Day

    Eve (of Sabbath)

    Shi-yar Chief or Rejoicing Day

    Arabic (Ancient and Modern) Westn. Asia, E,W & N. Africa

    The One

    The Two

    The Three

    The Four

    The Fifth

    Assembly (day, Muham)

    as-sabt The Sabbath

    Maltese, Malta

    One (day)

    Two (and day)

    The 3 (3rd d.)

    The 4 (4th d.)

    Fifth (day)

    Assembly

    Is-sibt. The Sabbath

    Ge-ez or Ethiopic Abyssinia (Ge-ez signifies "original")

    One (day)

    Second

    Third

    Fourth

    Fifth

    Eve (of Sabbath)

    san-bat Sabbath

    Tigre Abyssinia (Closely related to Ge-ez)

    One (First day)

    Second

    Third

    Fourth

    Fifth

    Eve (of Sabbath)

    san-bat Sabbath

    Amharic, Abyssinia (Nearly related to Ge-ez)

    One

    Second

    Third

    Fourth

    Fifth

    Eve (of Sabbath)

    san-bat Sabbath

    Falasha (Language of the Jews of Abyssinia)

    One

    Second

    Third

    Fourth

    Fifth

    Sixth

    yini sanbat The Sabbath

    Coptic Egypt (A dead lang. for 200 years)

    The First Day

    The 2nd Day

    The 3rd Day

    The 4th Day

    The 5th Day

    The 6th Day

    pi sabbaton The Sabbath

    Orma or Galla South of Abyssinia (This language has two sets of names, the first being the oldest)

    Lady, Virgin Mary Day. Great or Festival Sabbath

    Second day. First Trade Day

    3rd Day to the Sabbath. Second Trade Day

    4th day to the Sabbath. Fourth (day)

    Fifth (day)

    Assembly (day)

    Last day of the half-week inclusive of 4th day Little or Humble or Solemn Sabbath (A day of no ceremonial display and no work)

    Tamashek or Towarek (From ancient Lybian or Numidian). Atlas Mountains, Africa.

    First day

    Second day

    Third day

    Fourth day

    Fifth day

    Assembly Day

    a-hal es-sabt. The Sabbath Day

    Kabyle or Berber. (Ancient Numidian) North Africa

    Day the One (First)

    Day the Two (2nd)

    Day the Three (3rd)

    Day the Four (4th)

    Day the Fifth

    The Assembly Day

    ghas or wars assebt The Sabbath Day

    Hausa (Central Africa)

    The One (1st)

    The Two (2nd)

    The Three (3rd)

    The Four (4th)

    The Fifth

    The Assembly

    assebatu The Sabbath

    Urdu or Hindustani (Muhammadan and Hindu, India) (Two names for the days)

    One to Sabbath. Sunday

    2nd to Sabbath. Moon-day

    3rd to Sabbath. Mars

    4th to Sabbath. Mercury

    5th to Sabbath. (Eve of Juma)

    Assembly (day)

    sanichar - Saturn shamba - Sabbath

    Pashto or Afghan Afghanistan

    One to the Sabbath

    Two to Sabbath

    Three to Sabbath

    Four to Sabbath

    Five to Sabbath

    Assembly (day)

    khali - Unemployed-day, Shamba - Sabbath

    The table above includes some of the oldest languages known to man. One of these, the Babylonian language, was in use hundreds of years before the Hebrew race was founded by Abraham. That language designated the seventh day of the week as "sa-ba-tu", meaning rest day -- another indisputable proof that the Bible "Sabbath" was not, and is not, exclusively Jewish.

    Very few realize that the word "Sabbath" and the concept of resting from work on the seventh day of the week (Saturday) is common to most of the ancient and modern languages of the world. This is evidence totally independent of the Scriptures that confirms the biblical teaching that God's seventh-day Sabbath predates Judaism. The concept of a Saturday holy day of rest was understood, accepted, and practiced by virtually every culture from Babylon through modern times.

    In the study of the many languages of mankind, you will find two important facts:

    In the majority of the principal languages the last, or seventh, day of the week is designated as "Sabbath."

    There is not even one language that designates another day as the "day of rest."

    From these facts we may conclude that not only those people who called the last day of the week "Sabbath," but all other peoples and races, as far as they recognized any day of the week as "Sabbath," rested on the seventh day. In fact, it was recorded by the great historian Sozomen that in his time the whole known world, with the exception of Rome and Alexandria, observed the seventh day of the week.

    "The people of Constantinople, and almost everywhere, assemble together on the Sabbath, as well as on the first day of the week, which custom is never observed at Rome or at Alexandria" (Socrates, "Ecclesiastical History," Book 7, chap.19).

    Another interesting fact is that the words in the original languages that are used to designate the seventh day of the week as the "Sabbath" have continued to be very similar while the other words have been so changed over time that they are unintelligible to people of other language groups. This is another proof that the Sabbath and the words used to designate the seventh day of the week as the "Sabbath day" originated at Creation in complete harmony with the biblical record found in Genesis 2:1–3.

    Language List

    Language

    Word for Saturday/ 7thDay

    Meaning

    Greek

    Sabbaton

    Sabbath

    Latin (Italy)

    Sabbatum

    Sabbath

    Spanish (Spain)

    Sábado

    Sabbath

    Portuguese (Portugal)

    Sabbado

    Sabbath

    Italian (Italy)

    Sabbato

    Sabbath

    French (France)

    Samedi

    Sabbath day

    High German (Germany)

    Samstag

    Sabbath

    Prussian (Prussia)

    Sabatico

    Sabbath

    Russian (Russia)

    Subbota

    Sabbath

    Polish

    Sobota

    Sabbath

    Hebrew

    Shabbath

    Sabbath

    Afaghan

    Shamba

    Sabbath

    Hindustani

    Shamba

    Sabbath

    Persian

    Shambin

    Sabbath

    Arabic

    Assabt

    The Sabbath

    Turkish

    Yomessabt

    Day Sabbath

    Malay

    Ari-Sabtu

    Day Sabbath

    Abyssinian

    Sanbat

    Sabbath

    Lusatian (Saxony)

    Sobota

    Sabbath

    Bohemian

    Sobota

    Sabbath

    Bulgarian (Bulgaria)

    Subbota

    Sabbath

    New Slovenian (Illyria, in Austria)

    Sobota

    Sabbath

    Illyrian (Dalmatia, Servia)

    Subota

    Sabbath

    Wallachian (Roumania or Wallachia)

    Sambata

    Sabbath

    Roman (Sapin, Catalonia)

    Dissapte

    Day Sabbath

    Ecclesiastical Roman (Italy)

    Sabbatum

    Sabbath

    D'oc. French (ancient and modern)

    Dissata

    Day Sabbath

    Norman French (10th -11th Centuries)

    Sabbedi

    Sabbath Day

    Wolof (Senegambia, West Africa)

    Alere-Asser

    Last Day Sabbath

    Congo (West Equatorial Africa)

    Sabbado or Kiansbula

    Sabbath

    Orma (South of Abyssiania)

    Zam-ba-da

    Sabbath

    Kazani - TARTAR (East Russia)

    Subbota

    Sabbath

    Osmanlian (Turkey)

    Yome-es-sabt

    day of the Sabbath

    Arabic (Very old names)

    Shi-yar

    Chief or rejoicing day

    Ancient Syriac

    Shab-ba-tho

    Sabbath

    Chaldee Syriac (Kurdistan,Urumia,Persia)

    Shaptu

    Sabbath

    Babylonian Syriac (A Very Old Language)

    Sa-Ba-tu

    Sabbath

    Maltese (Malta)

    Is-sibt

    the Sabbath

    Ethiopic (Abyssinia)

    San-bat

    Sabbath

    Coptic (Egypt)

    Pi sabbaton

    the Sabbath

    Tamashek (Atlas mountains, Africa)

    A-hal es-sabt

    the Sabbath

    Kabyle (North Africa, Ancient Numidan)

    Ghas assebt

    the Sabbath day

    Hausa (Central Africa)

    Assebatu

    the Sabbath

    Pasto (Afghanistan)

    Shamba

    Sabbath (pleasantest day of the week)

    Pahlivi (ancient Persian)

    Shambid

    Sabbath

    Persian (Persia)

    Shambah

    Sabbath

    Armenian (Armenia)

    Shapat

    Sabbath

    Kurdish (Kurdistan)

    Shamba

    Sabbath

    Ndebele (Zimbabwe)

    Sabatha

    Sabbath

    Shona (Zimbabwe)

    Sabata

    Sabbath

    Miscellaneous Middle Ages Languages

    Georgian (Caucasus)

    Shabati

    Sabbath

    Suanian (Caucasus)

    Sammtyn

    Sabbath

    Ingoush (Caucasus)

    Shatt

    Sabbath

    Malayan (Malaya, Sumatra)

    Hari sabtu

    day Sabbath

    Javanese (Java)

    Saptoe or saptu

    Sabbath

    Dayak (Borneo)

    Sabtu

    Sabbath

    Makassar (s. Celebes & Salayer islands)

    Sattu

    Sabbath

    Malagassy (Madagascar)

    Alsabotsy

    The Sabbath

    Swahili (east equatorial Africa)

    Sabato

    The Sabbath

    Mandingo (west Africa, s. of Senegal)

    Sibiti

    Sabbath

    Teda (central Africa)

    Essebdu

    The Sabbath

    Bornu (central Africa)

    Assebdu

    The Sabbath

    Logone (central Africa)

    Se-sibde

    The Sabbath

    Bagrimma (central Africa)

    Sibbedi

    Sabbath

    Maba (central Africa)

    Sab

    Sabbath

    Permian (Russian)

    Subota

    Sabbath

    Votiak (Russian)

    Subbota

    Sabbath

    - Emily Thomsen
    The Sabbath Truth # 2 Which Day of the Week Is The Sabbath? Despite doctrinal differences on various other topics, most Christians agree that a day of rest is an integral part of the Christian life. But on which day are we to rest? "By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested from all his work. And God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it he rested from all the work of creating that he had done" (Genesis 2:2, 3). The very word "sabbath" means rest, and to rest implies that you have labored. It's logical, then, for God to have designated the last day of the week a day of rest. "The seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God" (Exodus 20:10). Language reflects the customs of the culture that speaks it. Nearly every culture, from Babylon through modern times, rested on the seventh day. As languages developed, the name for the seventh day of the week remained "rest day." In the mid 19th century, Dr. William Meade Jones created this "Chart of the Week," listing the name for the seventh day in 160 languages, including some of the most ancient (shown below). Babylonian, in use hundreds of years before Abraham or the giving of the Ten Commandments at Sinai, calls the seventh day of the week sa-ba-tu, meaning "rest day." Even today more than 100 languages worldwide, many of them unrelated to ancient Hebrew, use the word "Sabbath" for Saturday—and none of them designate any other day as a day of rest. Though the world's language groups have evolved so as to be unintelligible from each other, the word for the seventh day of the week has remained fairly recognizable. The Sabbath predates Judaism For the thousands of years since Judaism began, an entire nation of Jews has kept track of the weekly cycle and observed the seventh day Sabbath, sometimes even without a calendar. Nevertheless, many rationalize that it's impossible to verify which day of the week is actually the biblical Sabbath because Pope Gregory XIII changed the calendar. The Julian calendar, instituted by Julius Caesar around 46 B.C., calculated the length of the year as 365 ¼ days. In reality, the year is 11 minutes less than 365 ¼ days. So by the 1580s, the calendar and the solar cycle were ten days off. In 1582, Gregory changed the calendar so that Friday, October 5, became Friday, October 15, creating the Gregorian calendar we use today. But it did not confuse the days of the week; Friday still follows Thursday, Saturday still follows Friday, and so on and so forth. Exodus 16 recounts a series of weekly Sabbath miracles over a period of forty years. God reiterated the Sabbath at Sinai (Exodus 20:8-11), and the Jews were still observing the seventh day when Jesus was born. Jesus kept the Sabbath (Luke 4:16; 23:54, 56; 24:1) until his death, which Luke indicates occurred on the day before the Sabbath: "Going to Pilate, [Joseph of Arimathea] asked for Jesus' body. Then he took it down, wrapped it in linen cloth and placed it in a tomb cut in the rock, one in which no one had yet been laid. It was Preparation Day, and the Sabbath was about to begin" (Luke 23:52-54). Luke goes on to describe the actions of the women who followed Jesus. "The women who had come with Jesus from Galilee followed Joseph and saw the tomb and how his body was laid in it. "Then they went home and prepared spices and perfumes. But they rested on the Sabbath in obedience to the commandment. On the first day of the week, very early in the morning, the women took the spices they had prepared and went to the tomb" (Luke 23:55, 56; 24:1). The women discovered that Jesus had risen on Sunday morning; Christians acknowledge this fact by celebrating Easter. The day on which the women rested between the preparation day (Friday) when Jesus died, and the first day of the week (Easter Sunday) when Jesus rose again, had to be Saturday. Scripture clearly portrays God designating the seventh day of the week as the Sabbath, and throughout the centuries of history recounted in the Bible, His followers celebrated it as such. Unless it was changed, the seventh day is still the Sabbath. So why do so many people today honor Sunday, the first day of the week, instead of the seventh day? (Why do so many people worship on Sunday?) Chart of the Week (Showing the position of the true Sabbath) Compiled by Dr. William Meade Jones, 1887 LANGUAGE (Where Spoken, Read, or Otherwise Used) 1 2 3 4 5 6 Name of the SEVENTH DAY Shemitic Hebrew Bible world-wide Day One Day Second Day Third Day Fourth Day Fifth Day the Sixth Yom hash-shab-bath Day the Sabbath Hebrew (Ancient and Modern) One into the Sabbath Second into the Sabbath Third into the Sabbath Fourth into the Sabbath Fifth into the Sabbath Eve of Holy Sabbath Shab-bathSabbath Targum of Onkelos (Hebrew Literature) Day One Day Second Day Third Day Fourth Day Fifth Day the Sixth Yom hash-shab-bath Day the Sabbath Targum Dialect of the Jews in Kurdistan Day One of the Seven Day 2nd of the Seven Day 3rd of the Seven Day 4th of the Seven Day 5th of the Seven Day of Eve (of Sabbath) yoy-met sha-bat kodesh Holy Sabbath Day Ancient Syriac *Each day proceeds on, and belongs to the Sabbath One into Sabbath Two into Sabbath Three into Sabbath Four into Sabbath Five into Sabbath Eve (of Sabbath) Shab-ba-tho Sabbath Chaldee Syriac Kurdistan and Urdmia, Persia One into Sabbath Two into Sabbath Three into Sabbath Four into Sabbath Five into Sabbath Eve (of Sabbath) Shap-ta Sabbath Samaritan (Old Hebrew Letters) Nablus, Palestine Day One Day Second Day Third Day Fourth Day Fifth Day Sixth Shab-bath Sabbath Babylonian Euphrates Tigris Valleys Mesopotamia (Written lang. 3800 B.C.) First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Sa-ba-tu Sabbath Assyrian Euphrates and Tigris Valleys, Mesopotamia First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth sa-ba-tu Sabbath Arabic (Very old names) Business Day Light Moon War Chief Turning Day or Midweek Familiar or Society Day Eve (of Sabbath) Shi-yar Chief or Rejoicing Day Arabic (Ancient and Modern) Westn. Asia, E,W & N. Africa The One The Two The Three The Four The Fifth Assembly (day, Muham) as-sabt The Sabbath Maltese, Malta One (day) Two (and day) The 3 (3rd d.) The 4 (4th d.) Fifth (day) Assembly Is-sibt. The Sabbath Ge-ez or Ethiopic Abyssinia (Ge-ez signifies "original") One (day) Second Third Fourth Fifth Eve (of Sabbath) san-bat Sabbath Tigre Abyssinia (Closely related to Ge-ez) One (First day) Second Third Fourth Fifth Eve (of Sabbath) san-bat Sabbath Amharic, Abyssinia (Nearly related to Ge-ez) One Second Third Fourth Fifth Eve (of Sabbath) san-bat Sabbath Falasha (Language of the Jews of Abyssinia) One Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth yini sanbat The Sabbath Coptic Egypt (A dead lang. for 200 years) The First Day The 2nd Day The 3rd Day The 4th Day The 5th Day The 6th Day pi sabbaton The Sabbath Orma or Galla South of Abyssinia (This language has two sets of names, the first being the oldest) Lady, Virgin Mary Day. Great or Festival Sabbath Second day. First Trade Day 3rd Day to the Sabbath. Second Trade Day 4th day to the Sabbath. Fourth (day) Fifth (day) Assembly (day) Last day of the half-week inclusive of 4th day Little or Humble or Solemn Sabbath (A day of no ceremonial display and no work) Tamashek or Towarek (From ancient Lybian or Numidian). Atlas Mountains, Africa. First day Second day Third day Fourth day Fifth day Assembly Day a-hal es-sabt. The Sabbath Day Kabyle or Berber. (Ancient Numidian) North Africa Day the One (First) Day the Two (2nd) Day the Three (3rd) Day the Four (4th) Day the Fifth The Assembly Day ghas or wars assebt The Sabbath Day Hausa (Central Africa) The One (1st) The Two (2nd) The Three (3rd) The Four (4th) The Fifth The Assembly assebatu The Sabbath Urdu or Hindustani (Muhammadan and Hindu, India) (Two names for the days) One to Sabbath. Sunday 2nd to Sabbath. Moon-day 3rd to Sabbath. Mars 4th to Sabbath. Mercury 5th to Sabbath. (Eve of Juma) Assembly (day) sanichar - Saturn shamba - Sabbath Pashto or Afghan Afghanistan One to the Sabbath Two to Sabbath Three to Sabbath Four to Sabbath Five to Sabbath Assembly (day) khali - Unemployed-day, Shamba - Sabbath The table above includes some of the oldest languages known to man. One of these, the Babylonian language, was in use hundreds of years before the Hebrew race was founded by Abraham. That language designated the seventh day of the week as "sa-ba-tu", meaning rest day -- another indisputable proof that the Bible "Sabbath" was not, and is not, exclusively Jewish. Very few realize that the word "Sabbath" and the concept of resting from work on the seventh day of the week (Saturday) is common to most of the ancient and modern languages of the world. This is evidence totally independent of the Scriptures that confirms the biblical teaching that God's seventh-day Sabbath predates Judaism. The concept of a Saturday holy day of rest was understood, accepted, and practiced by virtually every culture from Babylon through modern times. In the study of the many languages of mankind, you will find two important facts: In the majority of the principal languages the last, or seventh, day of the week is designated as "Sabbath." There is not even one language that designates another day as the "day of rest." From these facts we may conclude that not only those people who called the last day of the week "Sabbath," but all other peoples and races, as far as they recognized any day of the week as "Sabbath," rested on the seventh day. In fact, it was recorded by the great historian Sozomen that in his time the whole known world, with the exception of Rome and Alexandria, observed the seventh day of the week. "The people of Constantinople, and almost everywhere, assemble together on the Sabbath, as well as on the first day of the week, which custom is never observed at Rome or at Alexandria" (Socrates, "Ecclesiastical History," Book 7, chap.19). Another interesting fact is that the words in the original languages that are used to designate the seventh day of the week as the "Sabbath" have continued to be very similar while the other words have been so changed over time that they are unintelligible to people of other language groups. This is another proof that the Sabbath and the words used to designate the seventh day of the week as the "Sabbath day" originated at Creation in complete harmony with the biblical record found in Genesis 2:1–3. Language List Language Word for Saturday/ 7thDay Meaning Greek Sabbaton Sabbath Latin (Italy) Sabbatum Sabbath Spanish (Spain) Sábado Sabbath Portuguese (Portugal) Sabbado Sabbath Italian (Italy) Sabbato Sabbath French (France) Samedi Sabbath day High German (Germany) Samstag Sabbath Prussian (Prussia) Sabatico Sabbath Russian (Russia) Subbota Sabbath Polish Sobota Sabbath Hebrew Shabbath Sabbath Afaghan Shamba Sabbath Hindustani Shamba Sabbath Persian Shambin Sabbath Arabic Assabt The Sabbath Turkish Yomessabt Day Sabbath Malay Ari-Sabtu Day Sabbath Abyssinian Sanbat Sabbath Lusatian (Saxony) Sobota Sabbath Bohemian Sobota Sabbath Bulgarian (Bulgaria) Subbota Sabbath New Slovenian (Illyria, in Austria) Sobota Sabbath Illyrian (Dalmatia, Servia) Subota Sabbath Wallachian (Roumania or Wallachia) Sambata Sabbath Roman (Sapin, Catalonia) Dissapte Day Sabbath Ecclesiastical Roman (Italy) Sabbatum Sabbath D'oc. French (ancient and modern) Dissata Day Sabbath Norman French (10th -11th Centuries) Sabbedi Sabbath Day Wolof (Senegambia, West Africa) Alere-Asser Last Day Sabbath Congo (West Equatorial Africa) Sabbado or Kiansbula Sabbath Orma (South of Abyssiania) Zam-ba-da Sabbath Kazani - TARTAR (East Russia) Subbota Sabbath Osmanlian (Turkey) Yome-es-sabt day of the Sabbath Arabic (Very old names) Shi-yar Chief or rejoicing day Ancient Syriac Shab-ba-tho Sabbath Chaldee Syriac (Kurdistan,Urumia,Persia) Shaptu Sabbath Babylonian Syriac (A Very Old Language) Sa-Ba-tu Sabbath Maltese (Malta) Is-sibt the Sabbath Ethiopic (Abyssinia) San-bat Sabbath Coptic (Egypt) Pi sabbaton the Sabbath Tamashek (Atlas mountains, Africa) A-hal es-sabt the Sabbath Kabyle (North Africa, Ancient Numidan) Ghas assebt the Sabbath day Hausa (Central Africa) Assebatu the Sabbath Pasto (Afghanistan) Shamba Sabbath (pleasantest day of the week) Pahlivi (ancient Persian) Shambid Sabbath Persian (Persia) Shambah Sabbath Armenian (Armenia) Shapat Sabbath Kurdish (Kurdistan) Shamba Sabbath Ndebele (Zimbabwe) Sabatha Sabbath Shona (Zimbabwe) Sabata Sabbath Miscellaneous Middle Ages Languages Georgian (Caucasus) Shabati Sabbath Suanian (Caucasus) Sammtyn Sabbath Ingoush (Caucasus) Shatt Sabbath Malayan (Malaya, Sumatra) Hari sabtu day Sabbath Javanese (Java) Saptoe or saptu Sabbath Dayak (Borneo) Sabtu Sabbath Makassar (s. Celebes & Salayer islands) Sattu Sabbath Malagassy (Madagascar) Alsabotsy The Sabbath Swahili (east equatorial Africa) Sabato The Sabbath Mandingo (west Africa, s. of Senegal) Sibiti Sabbath Teda (central Africa) Essebdu The Sabbath Bornu (central Africa) Assebdu The Sabbath Logone (central Africa) Se-sibde The Sabbath Bagrimma (central Africa) Sibbedi Sabbath Maba (central Africa) Sab Sabbath Permian (Russian) Subota Sabbath Votiak (Russian) Subbota Sabbath - Emily Thomsen
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  • Paul Cochrane
    2026-05-13 17:36:40 -
    PAUL THE APOSTLE'S FAMILY.

    In his final words to the believers in Rome Paul the apostle, writes commendations for people living there. One of those people he refers to is "my kinsman Herodian." (16:11). The name is linked to the Royal family the Herods. But how? Is Paul the apostle related to the Herods?
    The latest research suggests that Paul was one of many great grandchildren of the Herods from Herod’s sister Salome through her marriage to Costabarus. His father was Anitipater II and mother Cypros, both Herodian names. Paul’s sister was named after her mother, Cypros II, who was married to Helcias, the temple treasurer. Paul’s nephew is known in secular history as Julius Archelaus, the boy who warned the Romans that Paul was being murdered (Acts 23:16-22). Did you notice in the Bible how familiar Paul was with Festus and King Agrippa II? Agrippa was his cousin. Agrippa I and Agrippa 2 were his cousins. So , with that knowledge, and the mention of Paul and his brother several times in Josephus (as a relative of Herod and a troublemaker), we suddenly can put Paul the apostle context as to how he ended up in Jerusalem, why he was run out of Damascus and why the Zealots in the Temple wanted to kill him. BTW, Paul’s nephew was a friend of Josephus and the very first one to purchase Josephus’ book, the Jewish War.
    PAUL THE APOSTLE'S FAMILY. In his final words to the believers in Rome Paul the apostle, writes commendations for people living there. One of those people he refers to is "my kinsman Herodian." (16:11). The name is linked to the Royal family the Herods. But how? Is Paul the apostle related to the Herods? The latest research suggests that Paul was one of many great grandchildren of the Herods from Herod’s sister Salome through her marriage to Costabarus. His father was Anitipater II and mother Cypros, both Herodian names. Paul’s sister was named after her mother, Cypros II, who was married to Helcias, the temple treasurer. Paul’s nephew is known in secular history as Julius Archelaus, the boy who warned the Romans that Paul was being murdered (Acts 23:16-22). Did you notice in the Bible how familiar Paul was with Festus and King Agrippa II? Agrippa was his cousin. Agrippa I and Agrippa 2 were his cousins. So , with that knowledge, and the mention of Paul and his brother several times in Josephus (as a relative of Herod and a troublemaker), we suddenly can put Paul the apostle context as to how he ended up in Jerusalem, why he was run out of Damascus and why the Zealots in the Temple wanted to kill him. BTW, Paul’s nephew was a friend of Josephus and the very first one to purchase Josephus’ book, the Jewish War.
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  • Johnny Gass
    2026-04-13 13:41:49 -
    DID YOU KNOW?
    Non-Christian Historians Confirm the Darkness at Christ’s Crucifixion.

    When Jesus Christ was crucified, something extraordinary happened: for three hours, darkness covered the land. This event is recorded in the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke (Matthew 27:45, Mark 15:33, Luke 23:44–45). What makes it even more remarkable is that this darkness was not only witnessed by those who followed Jesus—it was also noted by non-Christian historians of the time.

    Thallus, a historian writing around AD 52, is one of the earliest to mention it. Although his original writings are lost, later historian Julius Africanus preserves Thallus’s attempt to explain the darkness as a solar eclipse. Africanus points out that this explanation doesn’t work, since Passover occurs at a full moon and solar eclipses only happen at new moons. Thallus’s effort to explain it actually shows that the event was widely known and taken seriously.

    Another historian, Phlegon from Tralles (modern Turkey), writing around AD 137, also records unusual darkness at noon and even mentions that stars appeared in the sky. He also notes an earthquake around the same time. Like Thallus, Phlegon tries to attribute it to an eclipse, but the timing, duration, and the earthquake make a natural explanation impossible. His account lines up with the Gospel descriptions, showing that people outside the Christian faith recognized something extraordinary had happened.

    Tertullian, a writer in the second century, mentions that the darkness was recorded in Roman archives. Africanus, writing in the early third century, also confirms the darkness and the earthquake. Together, these sources—from Rome, Tralles, Palestine, and Carthage—show that the event was noticed across the ancient world and recorded by multiple observers.

    The evidence is clear: this was not just a story or legend. Non-Christian historians independently documented the unusual darkness, often struggling to explain it naturally. Their accounts, along with the Gospel records, provide strong historical confirmation that the crucifixion was accompanied by extraordinary events. Both Africanus and Tertullian, who preserved these accounts, would go on to become Christians, showing the lasting impact and significance of what they recorded.
    DID YOU KNOW? Non-Christian Historians Confirm the Darkness at Christ’s Crucifixion. When Jesus Christ was crucified, something extraordinary happened: for three hours, darkness covered the land. This event is recorded in the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke (Matthew 27:45, Mark 15:33, Luke 23:44–45). What makes it even more remarkable is that this darkness was not only witnessed by those who followed Jesus—it was also noted by non-Christian historians of the time. Thallus, a historian writing around AD 52, is one of the earliest to mention it. Although his original writings are lost, later historian Julius Africanus preserves Thallus’s attempt to explain the darkness as a solar eclipse. Africanus points out that this explanation doesn’t work, since Passover occurs at a full moon and solar eclipses only happen at new moons. Thallus’s effort to explain it actually shows that the event was widely known and taken seriously. Another historian, Phlegon from Tralles (modern Turkey), writing around AD 137, also records unusual darkness at noon and even mentions that stars appeared in the sky. He also notes an earthquake around the same time. Like Thallus, Phlegon tries to attribute it to an eclipse, but the timing, duration, and the earthquake make a natural explanation impossible. His account lines up with the Gospel descriptions, showing that people outside the Christian faith recognized something extraordinary had happened. Tertullian, a writer in the second century, mentions that the darkness was recorded in Roman archives. Africanus, writing in the early third century, also confirms the darkness and the earthquake. Together, these sources—from Rome, Tralles, Palestine, and Carthage—show that the event was noticed across the ancient world and recorded by multiple observers. The evidence is clear: this was not just a story or legend. Non-Christian historians independently documented the unusual darkness, often struggling to explain it naturally. Their accounts, along with the Gospel records, provide strong historical confirmation that the crucifixion was accompanied by extraordinary events. Both Africanus and Tertullian, who preserved these accounts, would go on to become Christians, showing the lasting impact and significance of what they recorded.
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  • Johnny Gass
    2026-04-02 13:56:46 -
    SABBATH TRUTH
    Which Day of the Week Is The Sabbath?

    Despite doctrinal differences on various other topics, most Christians agree that a day of rest is an integral part of the Christian life. But on which day are we to rest?

    "By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested from all his work. And God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it he rested from all the work of creating that he had done" (Genesis 2:2, 3). The very word "sabbath" means rest, and to rest implies that you have labored. It's logical, then, for God to have designated the last day of the week a day of rest. "The seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God" (Exodus 20:10).

    Language reflects the customs of the culture that speaks it. Nearly every culture, from Babylon through modern times, rested on the seventh day. As languages developed, the name for the seventh day of the week remained "rest day." In the mid 19th century, Dr. William Meade Jones created this "Chart of the Week," listing the name for the seventh day in 160 languages, including some of the most ancient (shown below). Babylonian, in use hundreds of years before Abraham or the giving of the Ten Commandments at Sinai, calls the seventh day of the week sa-ba-tu, meaning "rest day."

    Even today more than 100 languages worldwide, many of them unrelated to ancient Hebrew, use the word "Sabbath" for Saturday—and none of them designate any other day as a day of rest. Though the world's language groups have evolved so as to be unintelligible from each other, the word for the seventh day of the week has remained fairly recognizable.

    The Sabbath predates Judaism

    For the thousands of years since Judaism began, an entire nation of Jews has kept track of the weekly cycle and observed the seventh day Sabbath, sometimes even without a calendar. Nevertheless, many rationalize that it's impossible to verify which day of the week is actually the biblical Sabbath because Pope Gregory XIII changed the calendar. The Julian calendar, instituted by Julius Caesar around 46 B.C., calculated the length of the year as 365 ¼ days. In reality, the year is 11 minutes less than 365 ¼ days. So by the 1580s, the calendar and the solar cycle were ten days off. In 1582, Gregory changed the calendar so that Friday, October 5, became Friday, October 15, creating the Gregorian calendar we use today. But it did not confuse the days of the week; Friday still follows Thursday, Saturday still follows Friday, and so on and so forth.

    Exodus 16 recounts a series of weekly Sabbath miracles over a period of forty years. God reiterated the Sabbath at Sinai (Exodus 20:8-11), and the Jews were still observing the seventh day when Jesus was born. Jesus kept the Sabbath (Luke 4:16; 23:54, 56; 24:1) until his death, which Luke indicates occurred on the day before the Sabbath: "Going to Pilate, [Joseph of Arimathea] asked for Jesus' body. Then he took it down, wrapped it in linen cloth and placed it in a tomb cut in the rock, one in which no one had yet been laid. It was Preparation Day, and the Sabbath was about to begin" (Luke 23:52-54). Luke goes on to describe the actions of the women who followed Jesus. "The women who had come with Jesus from Galilee followed Joseph and saw the tomb and how his body was laid in it.

    "Then they went home and prepared spices and perfumes. But they rested on the Sabbath in obedience to the commandment. On the first day of the week, very early in the morning, the women took the spices they had prepared and went to the tomb" (Luke 23:55, 56; 24:1). The women discovered that Jesus had risen on Sunday morning; Christians acknowledge this fact by celebrating Easter. The day on which the women rested between the preparation day (Friday) when Jesus died, and the first day of the week (Easter Sunday) when Jesus rose again, had to be Saturday. Scripture clearly portrays God designating the seventh day of the week as the Sabbath, and throughout the centuries of history recounted in the Bible, His followers celebrated it as such. Unless it was changed, the seventh day is still the Sabbath. So why do so many people today honor Sunday, the first day of the week, instead of the seventh day? (Why do so many people worship on Sunday?)

    Chart of the Week (Showing the position of the true Sabbath)

    Compiled by Dr. William Meade Jones, 1887

    LANGUAGE (Where Spoken, Read, or Otherwise Used)

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    Name of the SEVENTH DAY

    Shemitic Hebrew Bible world-wide

    Day One

    Day Second

    Day Third

    Day Fourth

    Day Fifth

    Day the Sixth

    Yom hash-shab-bath Day the Sabbath

    Hebrew (Ancient and Modern)

    One into the Sabbath

    Second into the Sabbath

    Third into the Sabbath

    Fourth into the Sabbath

    Fifth into the Sabbath

    Eve of Holy Sabbath

    Shab-bathSabbath

    Targum of Onkelos (Hebrew Literature)

    Day One

    Day Second

    Day Third

    Day Fourth

    Day Fifth

    Day the Sixth

    Yom hash-shab-bath Day the Sabbath

    Targum Dialect of the Jews in Kurdistan

    Day One of the Seven

    Day 2nd of the Seven

    Day 3rd of the Seven

    Day 4th of the Seven

    Day 5th of the Seven

    Day of Eve (of Sabbath)

    yoy-met sha-bat kodesh Holy Sabbath Day

    Ancient Syriac *Each day proceeds on, and belongs to the Sabbath

    One into Sabbath

    Two into Sabbath

    Three into Sabbath

    Four into Sabbath

    Five into Sabbath

    Eve (of Sabbath)

    Shab-ba-tho Sabbath

    Chaldee Syriac Kurdistan and Urdmia, Persia

    One into Sabbath

    Two into Sabbath

    Three into Sabbath

    Four into Sabbath

    Five into Sabbath

    Eve (of Sabbath)

    Shap-ta Sabbath

    Samaritan (Old Hebrew Letters) Nablus, Palestine

    Day One

    Day Second

    Day Third

    Day Fourth

    Day Fifth

    Day Sixth

    Shab-bath Sabbath

    Babylonian Euphrates Tigris Valleys Mesopotamia (Written lang. 3800 B.C.)

    First

    Second

    Third

    Fourth

    Fifth

    Sixth

    Sa-ba-tu Sabbath

    Assyrian Euphrates and Tigris Valleys, Mesopotamia

    First

    Second

    Third

    Fourth

    Fifth

    Sixth

    sa-ba-tu Sabbath

    Arabic (Very old names)

    Business Day

    Light Moon

    War Chief

    Turning Day or Midweek

    Familiar or Society Day

    Eve (of Sabbath)

    Shi-yar Chief or Rejoicing Day

    Arabic (Ancient and Modern) Westn. Asia, E,W & N. Africa

    The One

    The Two

    The Three

    The Four

    The Fifth

    Assembly (day, Muham)

    as-sabt The Sabbath

    Maltese, Malta

    One (day)

    Two (and day)

    The 3 (3rd d.)

    The 4 (4th d.)

    Fifth (day)

    Assembly

    Is-sibt. The Sabbath

    Ge-ez or Ethiopic Abyssinia (Ge-ez signifies "original")

    One (day)

    Second

    Third

    Fourth

    Fifth

    Eve (of Sabbath)

    san-bat Sabbath

    Tigre Abyssinia (Closely related to Ge-ez)

    One (First day)

    Second

    Third

    Fourth

    Fifth

    Eve (of Sabbath)

    san-bat Sabbath

    Amharic, Abyssinia (Nearly related to Ge-ez)

    One

    Second

    Third

    Fourth

    Fifth

    Eve (of Sabbath)

    san-bat Sabbath

    Falasha (Language of the Jews of Abyssinia)

    One

    Second

    Third

    Fourth

    Fifth

    Sixth

    yini sanbat The Sabbath

    Coptic Egypt (A dead lang. for 200 years)

    The First Day

    The 2nd Day

    The 3rd Day

    The 4th Day

    The 5th Day

    The 6th Day

    pi sabbaton The Sabbath

    Orma or Galla South of Abyssinia (This language has two sets of names, the first being the oldest)

    Lady, Virgin Mary Day. Great or Festival Sabbath

    Second day. First Trade Day

    3rd Day to the Sabbath. Second Trade Day

    4th day to the Sabbath. Fourth (day)

    Fifth (day)

    Assembly (day)

    Last day of the half-week inclusive of 4th day Little or Humble or Solemn Sabbath (A day of no ceremonial display and no work)

    Tamashek or Towarek (From ancient Lybian or Numidian). Atlas Mountains, Africa.

    First day

    Second day

    Third day

    Fourth day

    Fifth day

    Assembly Day

    a-hal es-sabt. The Sabbath Day

    Kabyle or Berber. (Ancient Numidian) North Africa

    Day the One (First)

    Day the Two (2nd)

    Day the Three (3rd)

    Day the Four (4th)

    Day the Fifth

    The Assembly Day

    ghas or wars assebt The Sabbath Day

    Hausa (Central Africa)

    The One (1st)

    The Two (2nd)

    The Three (3rd)

    The Four (4th)

    The Fifth

    The Assembly

    assebatu The Sabbath

    Urdu or Hindustani (Muhammadan and Hindu, India) (Two names for the days)

    One to Sabbath. Sunday

    2nd to Sabbath. Moon-day

    3rd to Sabbath. Mars

    4th to Sabbath. Mercury

    5th to Sabbath. (Eve of Juma)

    Assembly (day)

    sanichar - Saturn shamba - Sabbath

    Pashto or Afghan Afghanistan

    One to the Sabbath

    Two to Sabbath

    Three to Sabbath

    Four to Sabbath

    Five to Sabbath

    Assembly (day)

    khali - Unemployed-day, Shamba - Sabbath

    The table above includes some of the oldest languages known to man. One of these, the Babylonian language, was in use hundreds of years before the Hebrew race was founded by Abraham. That language designated the seventh day of the week as "sa-ba-tu", meaning rest day -- another indisputable proof that the Bible "Sabbath" was not, and is not, exclusively Jewish.

    Very few realize that the word "Sabbath" and the concept of resting from work on the seventh day of the week (Saturday) is common to most of the ancient and modern languages of the world. This is evidence totally independent of the Scriptures that confirms the biblical teaching that God's seventh-day Sabbath predates Judaism. The concept of a Saturday holy day of rest was understood, accepted, and practiced by virtually every culture from Babylon through modern times.

    In the study of the many languages of mankind, you will find two important facts:

    In the majority of the principal languages the last, or seventh, day of the week is designated as "Sabbath."

    There is not even one language that designates another day as the "day of rest."

    From these facts we may conclude that not only those people who called the last day of the week "Sabbath," but all other peoples and races, as far as they recognized any day of the week as "Sabbath," rested on the seventh day. In fact, it was recorded by the great historian Sozomen that in his time the whole known world, with the exception of Rome and Alexandria, observed the seventh day of the week.

    "The people of Constantinople, and almost everywhere, assemble together on the Sabbath, as well as on the first day of the week, which custom is never observed at Rome or at Alexandria" (Socrates, "Ecclesiastical History," Book 7, chap.19).

    Another interesting fact is that the words in the original languages that are used to designate the seventh day of the week as the "Sabbath" have continued to be very similar while the other words have been so changed over time that they are unintelligible to people of other language groups. This is another proof that the Sabbath and the words used to designate the seventh day of the week as the "Sabbath day" originated at Creation in complete harmony with the biblical record found in Genesis 2:1–3.

    Language List

    Language

    Word for Saturday/ 7thDay

    Meaning

    Greek

    Sabbaton

    Sabbath

    Latin (Italy)

    Sabbatum

    Sabbath

    Spanish (Spain)

    Sábado

    Sabbath

    Portuguese (Portugal)

    Sabbado

    Sabbath

    Italian (Italy)

    Sabbato

    Sabbath

    French (France)

    Samedi

    Sabbath day

    High German (Germany)

    Samstag

    Sabbath

    Prussian (Prussia)

    Sabatico

    Sabbath

    Russian (Russia)

    Subbota

    Sabbath

    Polish

    Sobota

    Sabbath

    Hebrew

    Shabbath

    Sabbath

    Afaghan

    Shamba

    Sabbath

    Hindustani

    Shamba

    Sabbath

    Persian

    Shambin

    Sabbath

    Arabic

    Assabt

    The Sabbath

    Turkish

    Yomessabt

    Day Sabbath

    Malay

    Ari-Sabtu

    Day Sabbath

    Abyssinian

    Sanbat

    Sabbath

    Lusatian (Saxony)

    Sobota

    Sabbath

    Bohemian

    Sobota

    Sabbath

    Bulgarian (Bulgaria)

    Subbota

    Sabbath

    New Slovenian (Illyria, in Austria)

    Sobota

    Sabbath

    Illyrian (Dalmatia, Servia)

    Subota

    Sabbath

    Wallachian (Roumania or Wallachia)

    Sambata

    Sabbath

    Roman (Sapin, Catalonia)

    Dissapte

    Day Sabbath

    Ecclesiastical Roman (Italy)

    Sabbatum

    Sabbath

    D'oc. French (ancient and modern)

    Dissata

    Day Sabbath

    Norman French (10th -11th Centuries)

    Sabbedi

    Sabbath Day

    Wolof (Senegambia, West Africa)

    Alere-Asser

    Last Day Sabbath

    Congo (West Equatorial Africa)

    Sabbado or Kiansbula

    Sabbath

    Orma (South of Abyssiania)

    Zam-ba-da

    Sabbath

    Kazani - TARTAR (East Russia)

    Subbota

    Sabbath

    Osmanlian (Turkey)

    Yome-es-sabt

    day of the Sabbath

    Arabic (Very old names)

    Shi-yar

    Chief or rejoicing day

    Ancient Syriac

    Shab-ba-tho

    Sabbath

    Chaldee Syriac (Kurdistan,Urumia,Persia)

    Shaptu

    Sabbath

    Babylonian Syriac (A Very Old Language)

    Sa-Ba-tu

    Sabbath

    Maltese (Malta)

    Is-sibt

    the Sabbath

    Ethiopic (Abyssinia)

    San-bat

    Sabbath

    Coptic (Egypt)

    Pi sabbaton

    the Sabbath

    Tamashek (Atlas mountains, Africa)

    A-hal es-sabt

    the Sabbath

    Kabyle (North Africa, Ancient Numidan)

    Ghas assebt

    the Sabbath day

    Hausa (Central Africa)

    Assebatu

    the Sabbath

    Pasto (Afghanistan)

    Shamba

    Sabbath (pleasantest day of the week)

    Pahlivi (ancient Persian)

    Shambid

    Sabbath

    Persian (Persia)

    Shambah

    Sabbath

    Armenian (Armenia)

    Shapat

    Sabbath

    Kurdish (Kurdistan)

    Shamba

    Sabbath

    Ndebele (Zimbabwe)

    Sabatha

    Sabbath

    Shona (Zimbabwe)

    Sabata

    Sabbath

    Miscellaneous Middle Ages Languages

    Georgian (Caucasus)

    Shabati

    Sabbath

    Suanian (Caucasus)

    Sammtyn

    Sabbath

    Ingoush (Caucasus)

    Shatt

    Sabbath

    Malayan (Malaya, Sumatra)

    Hari sabtu

    day Sabbath

    Javanese (Java)

    Saptoe or saptu

    Sabbath

    Dayak (Borneo)

    Sabtu

    Sabbath

    Makassar (s. Celebes & Salayer islands)

    Sattu

    Sabbath

    Malagassy (Madagascar)

    Alsabotsy

    The Sabbath

    Swahili (east equatorial Africa)

    Sabato

    The Sabbath

    Mandingo (west Africa, s. of Senegal)

    Sibiti

    Sabbath

    Teda (central Africa)

    Essebdu

    The Sabbath

    Bornu (central Africa)

    Assebdu

    The Sabbath

    Logone (central Africa)

    Se-sibde

    The Sabbath

    Bagrimma (central Africa)

    Sibbedi

    Sabbath

    Maba (central Africa)

    Sab

    Sabbath

    Permian (Russian)

    Subota

    Sabbath

    Votiak (Russian)

    Subbota

    Sabbath

    - Emily Thomsen
    SABBATH TRUTH Which Day of the Week Is The Sabbath? Despite doctrinal differences on various other topics, most Christians agree that a day of rest is an integral part of the Christian life. But on which day are we to rest? "By the seventh day God had finished the work he had been doing; so on the seventh day he rested from all his work. And God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it he rested from all the work of creating that he had done" (Genesis 2:2, 3). The very word "sabbath" means rest, and to rest implies that you have labored. It's logical, then, for God to have designated the last day of the week a day of rest. "The seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God" (Exodus 20:10). Language reflects the customs of the culture that speaks it. Nearly every culture, from Babylon through modern times, rested on the seventh day. As languages developed, the name for the seventh day of the week remained "rest day." In the mid 19th century, Dr. William Meade Jones created this "Chart of the Week," listing the name for the seventh day in 160 languages, including some of the most ancient (shown below). Babylonian, in use hundreds of years before Abraham or the giving of the Ten Commandments at Sinai, calls the seventh day of the week sa-ba-tu, meaning "rest day." Even today more than 100 languages worldwide, many of them unrelated to ancient Hebrew, use the word "Sabbath" for Saturday—and none of them designate any other day as a day of rest. Though the world's language groups have evolved so as to be unintelligible from each other, the word for the seventh day of the week has remained fairly recognizable. The Sabbath predates Judaism For the thousands of years since Judaism began, an entire nation of Jews has kept track of the weekly cycle and observed the seventh day Sabbath, sometimes even without a calendar. Nevertheless, many rationalize that it's impossible to verify which day of the week is actually the biblical Sabbath because Pope Gregory XIII changed the calendar. The Julian calendar, instituted by Julius Caesar around 46 B.C., calculated the length of the year as 365 ¼ days. In reality, the year is 11 minutes less than 365 ¼ days. So by the 1580s, the calendar and the solar cycle were ten days off. In 1582, Gregory changed the calendar so that Friday, October 5, became Friday, October 15, creating the Gregorian calendar we use today. But it did not confuse the days of the week; Friday still follows Thursday, Saturday still follows Friday, and so on and so forth. Exodus 16 recounts a series of weekly Sabbath miracles over a period of forty years. God reiterated the Sabbath at Sinai (Exodus 20:8-11), and the Jews were still observing the seventh day when Jesus was born. Jesus kept the Sabbath (Luke 4:16; 23:54, 56; 24:1) until his death, which Luke indicates occurred on the day before the Sabbath: "Going to Pilate, [Joseph of Arimathea] asked for Jesus' body. Then he took it down, wrapped it in linen cloth and placed it in a tomb cut in the rock, one in which no one had yet been laid. It was Preparation Day, and the Sabbath was about to begin" (Luke 23:52-54). Luke goes on to describe the actions of the women who followed Jesus. "The women who had come with Jesus from Galilee followed Joseph and saw the tomb and how his body was laid in it. "Then they went home and prepared spices and perfumes. But they rested on the Sabbath in obedience to the commandment. On the first day of the week, very early in the morning, the women took the spices they had prepared and went to the tomb" (Luke 23:55, 56; 24:1). The women discovered that Jesus had risen on Sunday morning; Christians acknowledge this fact by celebrating Easter. The day on which the women rested between the preparation day (Friday) when Jesus died, and the first day of the week (Easter Sunday) when Jesus rose again, had to be Saturday. Scripture clearly portrays God designating the seventh day of the week as the Sabbath, and throughout the centuries of history recounted in the Bible, His followers celebrated it as such. Unless it was changed, the seventh day is still the Sabbath. So why do so many people today honor Sunday, the first day of the week, instead of the seventh day? (Why do so many people worship on Sunday?) Chart of the Week (Showing the position of the true Sabbath) Compiled by Dr. William Meade Jones, 1887 LANGUAGE (Where Spoken, Read, or Otherwise Used) 1 2 3 4 5 6 Name of the SEVENTH DAY Shemitic Hebrew Bible world-wide Day One Day Second Day Third Day Fourth Day Fifth Day the Sixth Yom hash-shab-bath Day the Sabbath Hebrew (Ancient and Modern) One into the Sabbath Second into the Sabbath Third into the Sabbath Fourth into the Sabbath Fifth into the Sabbath Eve of Holy Sabbath Shab-bathSabbath Targum of Onkelos (Hebrew Literature) Day One Day Second Day Third Day Fourth Day Fifth Day the Sixth Yom hash-shab-bath Day the Sabbath Targum Dialect of the Jews in Kurdistan Day One of the Seven Day 2nd of the Seven Day 3rd of the Seven Day 4th of the Seven Day 5th of the Seven Day of Eve (of Sabbath) yoy-met sha-bat kodesh Holy Sabbath Day Ancient Syriac *Each day proceeds on, and belongs to the Sabbath One into Sabbath Two into Sabbath Three into Sabbath Four into Sabbath Five into Sabbath Eve (of Sabbath) Shab-ba-tho Sabbath Chaldee Syriac Kurdistan and Urdmia, Persia One into Sabbath Two into Sabbath Three into Sabbath Four into Sabbath Five into Sabbath Eve (of Sabbath) Shap-ta Sabbath Samaritan (Old Hebrew Letters) Nablus, Palestine Day One Day Second Day Third Day Fourth Day Fifth Day Sixth Shab-bath Sabbath Babylonian Euphrates Tigris Valleys Mesopotamia (Written lang. 3800 B.C.) First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Sa-ba-tu Sabbath Assyrian Euphrates and Tigris Valleys, Mesopotamia First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth sa-ba-tu Sabbath Arabic (Very old names) Business Day Light Moon War Chief Turning Day or Midweek Familiar or Society Day Eve (of Sabbath) Shi-yar Chief or Rejoicing Day Arabic (Ancient and Modern) Westn. Asia, E,W & N. Africa The One The Two The Three The Four The Fifth Assembly (day, Muham) as-sabt The Sabbath Maltese, Malta One (day) Two (and day) The 3 (3rd d.) The 4 (4th d.) Fifth (day) Assembly Is-sibt. The Sabbath Ge-ez or Ethiopic Abyssinia (Ge-ez signifies "original") One (day) Second Third Fourth Fifth Eve (of Sabbath) san-bat Sabbath Tigre Abyssinia (Closely related to Ge-ez) One (First day) Second Third Fourth Fifth Eve (of Sabbath) san-bat Sabbath Amharic, Abyssinia (Nearly related to Ge-ez) One Second Third Fourth Fifth Eve (of Sabbath) san-bat Sabbath Falasha (Language of the Jews of Abyssinia) One Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth yini sanbat The Sabbath Coptic Egypt (A dead lang. for 200 years) The First Day The 2nd Day The 3rd Day The 4th Day The 5th Day The 6th Day pi sabbaton The Sabbath Orma or Galla South of Abyssinia (This language has two sets of names, the first being the oldest) Lady, Virgin Mary Day. Great or Festival Sabbath Second day. First Trade Day 3rd Day to the Sabbath. Second Trade Day 4th day to the Sabbath. Fourth (day) Fifth (day) Assembly (day) Last day of the half-week inclusive of 4th day Little or Humble or Solemn Sabbath (A day of no ceremonial display and no work) Tamashek or Towarek (From ancient Lybian or Numidian). Atlas Mountains, Africa. First day Second day Third day Fourth day Fifth day Assembly Day a-hal es-sabt. The Sabbath Day Kabyle or Berber. (Ancient Numidian) North Africa Day the One (First) Day the Two (2nd) Day the Three (3rd) Day the Four (4th) Day the Fifth The Assembly Day ghas or wars assebt The Sabbath Day Hausa (Central Africa) The One (1st) The Two (2nd) The Three (3rd) The Four (4th) The Fifth The Assembly assebatu The Sabbath Urdu or Hindustani (Muhammadan and Hindu, India) (Two names for the days) One to Sabbath. Sunday 2nd to Sabbath. Moon-day 3rd to Sabbath. Mars 4th to Sabbath. Mercury 5th to Sabbath. (Eve of Juma) Assembly (day) sanichar - Saturn shamba - Sabbath Pashto or Afghan Afghanistan One to the Sabbath Two to Sabbath Three to Sabbath Four to Sabbath Five to Sabbath Assembly (day) khali - Unemployed-day, Shamba - Sabbath The table above includes some of the oldest languages known to man. One of these, the Babylonian language, was in use hundreds of years before the Hebrew race was founded by Abraham. That language designated the seventh day of the week as "sa-ba-tu", meaning rest day -- another indisputable proof that the Bible "Sabbath" was not, and is not, exclusively Jewish. Very few realize that the word "Sabbath" and the concept of resting from work on the seventh day of the week (Saturday) is common to most of the ancient and modern languages of the world. This is evidence totally independent of the Scriptures that confirms the biblical teaching that God's seventh-day Sabbath predates Judaism. The concept of a Saturday holy day of rest was understood, accepted, and practiced by virtually every culture from Babylon through modern times. In the study of the many languages of mankind, you will find two important facts: In the majority of the principal languages the last, or seventh, day of the week is designated as "Sabbath." There is not even one language that designates another day as the "day of rest." From these facts we may conclude that not only those people who called the last day of the week "Sabbath," but all other peoples and races, as far as they recognized any day of the week as "Sabbath," rested on the seventh day. In fact, it was recorded by the great historian Sozomen that in his time the whole known world, with the exception of Rome and Alexandria, observed the seventh day of the week. "The people of Constantinople, and almost everywhere, assemble together on the Sabbath, as well as on the first day of the week, which custom is never observed at Rome or at Alexandria" (Socrates, "Ecclesiastical History," Book 7, chap.19). Another interesting fact is that the words in the original languages that are used to designate the seventh day of the week as the "Sabbath" have continued to be very similar while the other words have been so changed over time that they are unintelligible to people of other language groups. This is another proof that the Sabbath and the words used to designate the seventh day of the week as the "Sabbath day" originated at Creation in complete harmony with the biblical record found in Genesis 2:1–3. Language List Language Word for Saturday/ 7thDay Meaning Greek Sabbaton Sabbath Latin (Italy) Sabbatum Sabbath Spanish (Spain) Sábado Sabbath Portuguese (Portugal) Sabbado Sabbath Italian (Italy) Sabbato Sabbath French (France) Samedi Sabbath day High German (Germany) Samstag Sabbath Prussian (Prussia) Sabatico Sabbath Russian (Russia) Subbota Sabbath Polish Sobota Sabbath Hebrew Shabbath Sabbath Afaghan Shamba Sabbath Hindustani Shamba Sabbath Persian Shambin Sabbath Arabic Assabt The Sabbath Turkish Yomessabt Day Sabbath Malay Ari-Sabtu Day Sabbath Abyssinian Sanbat Sabbath Lusatian (Saxony) Sobota Sabbath Bohemian Sobota Sabbath Bulgarian (Bulgaria) Subbota Sabbath New Slovenian (Illyria, in Austria) Sobota Sabbath Illyrian (Dalmatia, Servia) Subota Sabbath Wallachian (Roumania or Wallachia) Sambata Sabbath Roman (Sapin, Catalonia) Dissapte Day Sabbath Ecclesiastical Roman (Italy) Sabbatum Sabbath D'oc. French (ancient and modern) Dissata Day Sabbath Norman French (10th -11th Centuries) Sabbedi Sabbath Day Wolof (Senegambia, West Africa) Alere-Asser Last Day Sabbath Congo (West Equatorial Africa) Sabbado or Kiansbula Sabbath Orma (South of Abyssiania) Zam-ba-da Sabbath Kazani - TARTAR (East Russia) Subbota Sabbath Osmanlian (Turkey) Yome-es-sabt day of the Sabbath Arabic (Very old names) Shi-yar Chief or rejoicing day Ancient Syriac Shab-ba-tho Sabbath Chaldee Syriac (Kurdistan,Urumia,Persia) Shaptu Sabbath Babylonian Syriac (A Very Old Language) Sa-Ba-tu Sabbath Maltese (Malta) Is-sibt the Sabbath Ethiopic (Abyssinia) San-bat Sabbath Coptic (Egypt) Pi sabbaton the Sabbath Tamashek (Atlas mountains, Africa) A-hal es-sabt the Sabbath Kabyle (North Africa, Ancient Numidan) Ghas assebt the Sabbath day Hausa (Central Africa) Assebatu the Sabbath Pasto (Afghanistan) Shamba Sabbath (pleasantest day of the week) Pahlivi (ancient Persian) Shambid Sabbath Persian (Persia) Shambah Sabbath Armenian (Armenia) Shapat Sabbath Kurdish (Kurdistan) Shamba Sabbath Ndebele (Zimbabwe) Sabatha Sabbath Shona (Zimbabwe) Sabata Sabbath Miscellaneous Middle Ages Languages Georgian (Caucasus) Shabati Sabbath Suanian (Caucasus) Sammtyn Sabbath Ingoush (Caucasus) Shatt Sabbath Malayan (Malaya, Sumatra) Hari sabtu day Sabbath Javanese (Java) Saptoe or saptu Sabbath Dayak (Borneo) Sabtu Sabbath Makassar (s. Celebes & Salayer islands) Sattu Sabbath Malagassy (Madagascar) Alsabotsy The Sabbath Swahili (east equatorial Africa) Sabato The Sabbath Mandingo (west Africa, s. of Senegal) Sibiti Sabbath Teda (central Africa) Essebdu The Sabbath Bornu (central Africa) Assebdu The Sabbath Logone (central Africa) Se-sibde The Sabbath Bagrimma (central Africa) Sibbedi Sabbath Maba (central Africa) Sab Sabbath Permian (Russian) Subota Sabbath Votiak (Russian) Subbota Sabbath - Emily Thomsen
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